How to Recognize Preterm Labour: Symptoms and Warning Signs to Watch Out For

What is Preterm Labour?

Preterm labour happens when a woman goes into labour before 37 weeks of pregnancy. Usually, a full-term pregnancy lasts about 40 weeks. However, when labour starts early, it can lead to a premature birth. Babies born too soon may face health problems. For this reason, knowing the signs of preterm labour is important. Early care can help both mother and baby.

Causes of Preterm Labour

Many factors can lead to preterm labour. Sometimes, the exact cause is unknown. Still, some common causes include:

Multiple pregnancies, such as twins or triplets

Infections, especially in the urinary tract or vagina

Chronic health problems like high blood pressure or diabetes

Problems with the uterus or cervix

Short time between pregnancies

Smoking, alcohol, or drug use

High stress or physical injury

Additionally, a history of preterm labour increases the risk. According to the CDC, about 1 in 10 babies in the U.S. are born preterm.

Symptoms and Warning Signs

Recognizing the signs of preterm labour can help you get care quickly. Watch for these warning signs:

Regular contractions or tightening in the belly

Low, dull back pain that does not go away

Pelvic pressure or feeling the baby pushing down

Change in vaginal discharge, especially watery or bloody

Cramps similar to menstrual pain

Leaking fluid from the vagina

If you notice any of these symptoms, you should contact your doctor right away. Early action can make a big difference.

Diagnosis of Preterm Labour

Doctors use several methods to diagnose preterm labour. First, they will ask about your symptoms and medical history. Then, they may:

Check for contractions and changes in the cervix

Use an ultrasound to look at the baby and amniotic fluid

Test for infections or other health issues

Check for a protein called fetal fibronectin in vaginal fluid

With these tests, doctors can decide the best preterm labour treatment for you.

Treatment Options

Treatment for preterm labour depends on how early it is and your health. Some common options include:

Medications to slow or stop contractions

Steroid shots to help the baby’s lungs develop

Bed rest or reduced activity

Hospital monitoring for you and your baby

Treating infections if present

Sometimes, doctors may recommend staying in the hospital for close care. The goal is to delay birth and improve the baby’s health.

Prevention and Lifestyle Tips

While not all cases can be prevented, you can lower your risk. Here are some tips for preventing premature birth:

Attend all prenatal checkups

Eat a healthy, balanced diet

Avoid smoking, alcohol, and drugs

Manage stress with relaxation techniques

Treat infections quickly

Wait at least 18 months between pregnancies

Follow your doctor’s advice on activity and rest

Moreover, staying informed and asking questions can help you feel more in control.

When to Seek Medical Help

It is important to know when to call your doctor. Seek help if you:

Have regular contractions before 37 weeks

Notice vaginal bleeding or leaking fluid

Feel strong pelvic pressure or pain

Have any sudden changes in your health

Quick action can help prevent problems for you and your baby. Never hesitate to reach out if you are worried.

For personalized advice on preterm labour, consult a healthcare specialist. Early care can protect both you and your baby.